), a duplex 15A 120-volt receptacle in pit with ground- fault circuit protection and a 15A 120-volt Non GFCI receptacle for the sump pump. The proposals resulted in adding new requirements in the 2017 NEC for: Marking the elevator controller short-circuit current rating (SCCR) by the elevator control-ler manufacturer. It is further stated that the disconnecting means are not to disconnect the branch circuits required in sections 620.22, 620.23 and 620.24. Choose topics from a full list of courses covering electrical topics that cover what you need to know from the NEC and other electrical codes and standards. Part VIII, Machine Rooms, Control Rooms, Machinery Spaces, and Control Spaces, states elevator and similar-installation driving machines, motor-generator sets, motor controllers and disconnecting means are to be installed in a room or space set aside for that purpose. All equipment in a machine room-less design is installed within the elevator shaft or exterior compartment near the elevator shaft, including the elevator controller and the elevator disconnecting means. The basic requirement is for minimum clear distances of various depths for equipment operating at 600 V or less, nominal, depending upon voltage to ground and lateral distance to insulated or grounded surfaces or exposed live parts (not an issue in elevator machine rooms). Part III, Wiring, looks at the types of wiring that may be installed in hoistways, cars, machine rooms and related spaces. Lights and convenience outlets in elevator pits shall be installed to comply with the requirements of CCR, Title 24, Part 3, Article 620. Flexible cords and cables in lengths not to exceed 6 ft. of a flame-retardant type and located to be protected from physical damage are permitted in machine rooms without being installed in a raceway. Traction elevators raise and lower the elevator cab with cables, a pulley system, and counter weights powered by a motor at the main drive wheel. Receptacle for pumps located in the pit shall be a single non-GFCI and shall be located 6 inches above the lowest landing. +91 8025357028, 2022 Elevator World, LLC. It begins by considering metal and nonmetallic wireways. This is the area within the hoistway beneath the car, and there are occasions when elevator technicians have to work in this area for maintenance and troubleshooting. Moreover, because motors have a higher starting current than other loads, the overcurrent protection protocol is unique to them and somewhat counterintuitive. The demand factor ranges from 1.00 for one elevator on a single feeder to 0.72 for 10 or more elevators on a single feeder. The disconnecting means is also to be a listed device. Years may lapse between the design and installation stages of a project. Overcurrent devices protecting these branch circuits are to be located in the machine room or similar location. If you provide your elevators with emergency power, you must run communications wires between the automatic transfer switch (ATS) and the elevator control panel. Mobile, AL 36606 USA If a hydraulic elevator loses power because a heat detector goes off or for any other reason it could trap occupants for an unpleasant amount of time. The demand factors are given in Table 620.14, which allows significant reductions as the number of motors is increased. [emailprotected]
Inspecting Elevator Power Wiring - IAEI Magazine With the new elevator controller requirements, more attention will be focused on the elevator system.
Your Quick and Easy Elevator Code Checklist | Kings III !>x=yy Bvv8?~e PK ! Proper selective coordination in a multi-elevator installation on the same feeder ensures if one elevator develops a fault, the other units will not be shut down. Next, with multiple elevator banks, the controller will usually allow only one elevator at a time to operate, reducing the amount of emergency power required. Traction elevators are typically installed in a bank of elevators where fused switches, or circuit breakers in a panelboard are located in the machine room serving the bank of elevators. . [emailprotected] Liquid-tight flexible nonmetallic conduit, Flexible cords and cables, or conductors grouped together and taped or corded, are permitted without raceway, where they are part of listed equipment, a driving machine or a driving-machine brake, Flexible metal conduit, liquid-tight flexible metal or nonmetallic conduit, 3/8 in. Article 620 follows this pattern by opening, in Section I, General, with a statement of scope and definitions applicable to the topic under consideration. The traveling cable, of necessity, is exempted. Dec. 21, 2010. The various items to consider and check when designing for elevator installations have many potential pitfalls. Because of this, there is often a communications gap between the electrical system designer, whose design typically stops at the required elevator disconnecting means, and the architect who designs the elevator system. Part X, Emergency and Standby Power Systems, is simple and straightforward. GFCIs in elevator pits During an inspection of the elevators in a commercial building, the state inspector failed us for using a GFCI-type circuit breaker to protect a receptacle in the elevator pit. The elevator pit discharge system is not required to include an oil separator, except as required by section 1003.4. Such cable groups are to be supported at intervals not over 3 ft. and located so as to be protected from physical damage. Cables used in Class 2 power-limited circuits are permitted between risers and signal equipment and operating devices, provided they are supported and protected from physical damage and are of the jacketed and flame-retardant type. This lighting and receptacle circuit is separate from the circuit serving the motor. Flexible cords and cables part of listed equipment operating at 30 V (42 VDC) or less, similarly supported and protected, jacketed and flame retardant, are permitted. For instance, one method to reduce the available fault current is to add an isolation transformer ahead of the elevator controller. (e) Pit Maintenance. The pump sends hydraulic fluid from the reservoir to the cylinder, buried deep below the elevator shaft. It is conditionally provided that fiber-optic cables and conductors for operating devices, operation and motion control, power, signaling, fire alarm, lighting, heating and air-conditioning circuits of 600 V or less are permitted to be run in the same traveling cable or raceway system. After reading this article, you should have learned about: The meanings of definitions for control room and control space versus machine room The purpose and specifications for working spaces Insulation types and minimum sizes of conductors Requirements for feeder and branch-circuit conductors Feeder demand factors for ele-vators. This may be countered by providing good machine-room ventilation. Another location that requires a separate branch circuit for lighting and receptacle(s) is the hoistway pit. Other building loads, such as power and lighting, may function as the energy absorbing means, provided these loads are automatically connected to the emergency or standby power system operating the elevators and large enough to absorb the regenerative power. An exception provides that liquid-tight flexible metal conduit or liquid-tight flexible nonmetallic conduit 3/8 in. A different occurrence involves exposure to the explosive blast when there is a line-to-line or line-to-ground arc blast. The surest means of avoiding an arc-flash hazard is to lockout and tagout the electrical service to a controller. NEMA 4 : All electrical equipment, located less than 1225 mm (48 in.) or larger, not over 6 ft. in length. Elisha Otis safety elevator, introduced in 1853, prevented the fall of the car if the cable broke. To avoid this situation, designers can specify elevator controls with a safety feature commonly called a rescuvator. To address this issue, Code Making Panel (CMP) 12 of the National Electrical Code acted on several proposed changes to Article 620 during the revision cycle for the 2017 NEC that deal with the proper installation of elevator controllers. Mike Holt. The simplest option is to use a shunt trip circuit breaker in either the feeder supplying the elevator or the elevator disconnect. IAEI News Magazine. Get more of Elevator World. Cylinders in hydraulic elevators usually aren't suitable for buildings taller than five stories. For all of this to come together in the real world, there had to be some assurance that these new technologies could be used safely on a wide scale.
The Electrical Ups and Downs of Elevator Design | EC&M It is of great importance that power to the various elevator functions can be quickly and reliably removed from the loads in case of emergency or for maintenance and troubleshooting. The fan should be on a dedicated circuit. For circuit breakers, time-current curves must be consulted as well as the circuit breaker manufacturers selective coordination tables. . Some elevator controller manufacturers believe this is an issue for the electrical system designer and installer to address and remedy by adding impedance to the system for lowering the available fault current. Your elevator supplier will take care of all the wiring and related code requirements for the elevator cab and the various controls. Upon loss of power, the rescuvator controls the cab, lowers it to the designated floor, and opens its doors. (ASME has a separate document, A18.1-2008 Safety Standard for Platform Lifts and Stairway Lifts). Since 1953, Elevator World, Inc. has been the premier publisher for the global vertical transportation industry. Hydraulic elevator installations are typically supplied from the main switchboard and have an elevator fused switch or circuit breaker in the machine room that serves as the elevator disconnect. These must also be insulated for the maximum voltage applied to any conductor within the cable or raceway system.
NEC Article 620: Elevators, Part 2 - Elevator World, Inc. Additionally, ampacities of the individual conductors and flame-retardant properties of the overall cable are important factors.
First, it is now clear that elevator controllers must be marked by the manufacturer with their SCCR. First, the traveling cable must be composed of very fine-stranded conductors so it can flex with a minimum of internal stresses, ensuring long service life and reliability. He also required GFCI protection for the hard-wired sump pump that did not require it. The sump pump/drain shall have the capacity to remove a minimum of 11.4 m. 3 /h (3,000 gal/h) per elevator. [emailprotected] In these installations, it is best to design the elevator controller so the elevator controller SCCR is adequate for the available fault current. The most complex of these is the elevator. It is of great importance for the design engineer to communicate with their local authority having jurisdiction (AHJ) to determine fire alarm requirements for the respective elevator installation. This is typically accomplished via a shunt trip device. Smoke detectors, which are required in all elevator lobbies and elevator equipment rooms, must be connected to the elevator controllers directly by means of auxiliary contacts and wiring, or indirectly by means of output signals from the fire alarm control panel. Hint: Duct Tape to the Rescue, NEC: Air Conditioning and Refrigerating Equipment Part 5. Mobile, AL 36606 USA tC|[S9G?+uJP>&/TOy o PK ! Hazards created by water, snow or condensation in the work area can cause slips, falls and accidental contact. The main impetus for the creation of the NEC in the closing years of the 19th century was the collective anguish experienced by insurance underwriters who were losing vast amounts of money due to liability and physical damage claims resulting from Edisons electrification of, first, Lower Manhattan and then the world. The electrical system designer calculates the maximum available fault current at the elevator controller. Motor controllers are permitted outside the spaces specified above. The light switch shall be located so to be accessible from pit access door. The drain or sump pump discharge shall be into the sanitary or storm drainage system through an indirect waste connection. The action you just performed triggered the security solution. Something went wrong. Granle is a licensed professional engineer with Sebesta Blomberg & Associates, Rochester, Minn. https://www.facebook.com/ElectricalConstructionMaintenanceMagazine, https://www.linkedin.com/company/electrical-construction-maintenance/, ABCs Construction Backlog Indicator Down to Start 2023, The Most Popular Code Quizzes of the Week from 2021, The 10 Most Popular Photo Galleries of 2021, Whats Wrong Here? Convenience receptacles and lighting for maintenance purposes are required at the base of the pit and, in some instances (elevator manufacturer dependent), at the top of the elevator shaft. +90 (216) 348 4876, India Office So, we see that for elevator work, greater fill is allowed. You can email the site owner to let them know you were blocked. Suspending the cables from the supports by a means that automatically tightens around the cable when tension is increased for unsupported lengths up to 200 ft. An NEC Informational Note defines unsupported lengths. They are permitted to be run without raceway when used inside the hoistway, on the elevator car, hoistway wall, counterweight, or controllers and machinery located inside the hoistway, provided they are in their original sheaths. When the elevator car is at the top landing, it is the length of cable as measured from the point of suspension on the car to the bottom of the loop. While the definitions are straightforward, their deployment in real-life building projects involves enormous legal and moral implications, given the fact that we are carrying large numbers of people hundreds of feet above the earths surface on a daily basis. To achieve flexibility and endurance, traveling cable is more finely stranded and, where possible, separated into discrete conductors. All rights reserved. You are seeing this message for one of three reasons: You have reached your limit of free content. Through numerous editions, the NEC has, to a great extent, mitigated the hazards accompanying widespread use of electricity, particularly with respect to elevator technology. These requirements, found in Article 620 (part of Chapter 6, Special Equipment), are in addition to NEC Chapters 1-3, which stipulate general wiring protocols applicable in most residential, commercial and industrial venues. It is important to note, that these selective coordination tables can indicate a lack of selective coordination at a given fault current for circuit breakers that do not show overlap on the time-current curves of the circuit breakers. This website is using a security service to protect itself from online attacks. ^W i word/document.xml=nr]6Id=,_$j9-"Y.iGU\h_}. EazyLift Elevators, Stairlifts, Wheelchair Lifts & Ramps. Additionally, duty on elevator and dumbwaiter motors is rated as intermittent, whereas duty on escalator and moving-walk motors is considered continuous. Part IX, Grounding, states that metal raceways, Type MC cable, Type MI cable or Type AC cable attached to elevator cars are to be bonded to metal parts of the car bonded to the equipment grounding conductor. It is further stipulated that internal voltages of power-conversion equipment and functionally associated equipment, and the operating voltages of wiring interconnecting the equipment, are permitted to be higher, provided that the equipment and wiring are listed for the higher voltages. Section 620.85, GFCI Protection for Personnel, provides that 125-V, single-phase, 15- and 20-amp receptacles installed in pits, hoistways, machinery spaces, machine rooms, escalators and moving walks, and on elevator car tops are to be GFCIs. If this is not done and the available fault current exceeds the elevator controller SCCR, other solutions to reduce fault current must be reviewed or equipment changes and field evaluations may be needed. Please check your entries and try again. First, the ATS signals the elevators that it's about to switch over to emergency power preferably 30 sec or more prior to switching, which allows the elevator controller to bring each elevator cab to the nearest landing and stop, thus protecting the motors and electrical system. This switch will ensure that the elevator won't descend into the elevator pit and allow maintenance people to work safely in the area beneath the cab. Section 725.45 concerns the location of overcurrent devices and provides for feeder and branch-circuit taps, transformer primary side overcurrent device location and overcurrent device location at the input side of electronic power sources. This is not the elevator companys responsibility. This is somewhat broader than A17.1-2007/B44-07. Both electric and nonelectric elevators are to comply with Article 250, the code article that covers grounding and bonding in general. In all cases, the working space must permit at least a 90 opening of equipment doors or hinged panels. They are differentiated from other similar structures by the fact that they are not attached to the outside perimeter or surface of the walls, ceiling or floor of the hoistway. Therefore, there will be two signals to the elevator control panel related to smoke detectors: one from the designated floor smoke detector and another combined signal from the smoke detectors at the other lobby landings and in the equipment room. Specifically, Section 725.43 provides that overcurrent protection for conductors 14 AWG and larger is to be provided in accordance with the conductor ampacity without applying ampacity adjustment and correction factors. As they review the plans and the construction site, they may have conflicting interpretations or requirements. Where the elevator shaft and/or equipment room has a sprinkler fire suppression system installed, the elevator Code requires main line power to the elevator be removed prior to the application of water. In addition, the shunt-trip voltage must also be monitored by the Fire Alarm System. 836 Troy Schenectady Road Latham, NY 12110 . While machine room-less designs have been commercially available for many years, their use may still be unknown to some AHJs. (f) Illumination of Pits. For example, it is stated that the cross-sectional area of the individual conductors in a wireway are not to exceed 50% of the interior cross-sectional area of the wireway. For this reason, the NEC provides for adequate working space around electrical equipment that may need to be serviced. Many new buildings are incorporating an elevator design that does not include an equipment room (sometimes called machine room-less elevators). You are a subscriber that needs to Sign In. NEC 2011 also addresses branch circuits for machine room or control room/machinery space or control-space lighting and receptacles. Power for the elevator controller must first enter a lockable safety disconnect device, located adjacent to the door of the equipment room. To safeguard the passengers and electrical equipment, ASME A17.12.8.2.3.2 requires the power source to the elevator control panel to shut down prior to the discharge of water from a sprinkler head. With the elevator car at the bottom landing, it is the length of cable as measured from the point of suspension in the hoistway to the bottom of the loop. All rights reserved. The disconnecting means must disconnect the elevator from the emergency, standby and normal power systems. Regardless of the number of elevators, only one smoke detector is required at each floor lobby, but it must be located within 21 ft of every elevator door. A traction elevator's equipment room is typically located at the top of the building, directly over or adjacent to the shaft. Hydraulic elevators are typically more cost effective and used for buildings up to 5-6 stories. As stated in Section 7 of the Elevator Industry Field Employees Safety Handbook: Unless it is not feasible, (i.e. Acceptable types of wire for this application are given in Table 400.4, which occurs in an earlier chapter and lists various types of elevator cable for lighting and control in both unclassified and hazardous locations. Section 620.37 re-emphasizes that only wiring used in connection with the elevator is permitted within the hoistway, machine room, control room/machinery space or control space. Corporate Office Always verify all conditions and requirements with the state and the AHJ where the installation is taking place. In Part One of this series (ELEVATOR WORLD, April 2012), we began an examination of National Electrical Code (NEC) 2011 mandates for elevators and related equipment installations. Get directions, reviews and information for Eazylift Albany LLC in Latham, NY. Elevator travel is far safer than an automobile trip, and the chance of experiencing disaster is on the order of being struck by lightning in ones own backyard. The usual scenario for electrical injury is shock when electrical current passes through the human body. Provide continuous, non -slip, horizontal rungs every 12" for the full height of the pit ladder. Pit drainage must be designed to eliminate a minimum capacity of 3,000 gallons per hour (or 50 GPM) per elevator car. This is because the material may contribute fuel to a fire that has originated elsewhere. The NEC rule specifies that the minimum size for paralleled conductors is 1/0 AWG, which is much too big for an elevator traveling cable. This, however, can result in a dramatic increase in cost, space availability (lack thereof), and reduced efficiency. Have wiring identified for use in wet locations in accordance with the requirements in NFPA 70. All Rights Reserved | Contact Us | Privacy Policy. As mentioned, traditional installations of a traction or hydraulic elevator include a separate machine room. Modern electronic elevator controls can be sensitive to temperature shifts. ELECTRIC PASSENGER & FREIGHT ELEVATORS ASME A17.1 2004 Electric Elevator Checklist 2004 Multi-car.doc Page 4 of 44 Page Completed for cars : - Last Updated: 8/1/05 Car Enclosure Electric 2.14 - Hydraulic 3.14 A17.1 (A17.2) COMMENTS CARS 1-6 Operating Control Devices ADA Requirements Besides the initial determination requirement of paragraph (c) (1), the "host" employer must comply with the five (5) requirements of paragraph (c) (8) when engaging another employer (contractor) who will have employees in permit spaces under the control of the host employer. It is important for the design engineer to coordinate with the architect to determine the elevator manufacturer basis of design to determine if and when additional power and lighting is required. Bonding of elevator rails to a lightning-protection system grounding conductor is permitted, but the conductor itself is not to be located in the hoistway. GFI Receptacles: GFI receptacles shall be required in all elevator machine rooms, machinery spaces and elevator pit areas. In such cases, it's economically justifiable to specify a traction type elevator. This strategy works to improve the flexibility of the traveling cable, but it is contrary to a general NEC rule concerning the paralleling of conductors, which is generally done in very large sizes to avoid unwieldy wire pulls and terminations. (A) Separate Branch Circuit.
PDF NEC Article 0: Elevator art It employs specialists in Mobile, Alabama, and has technical and news correspondents around the world. 2023 Endeavor Business Media, LLC. Conductors supplying a single power transformer are to have an ampacity not less than the nameplate current rating of the power transformer plus all other connected loads. One way to achieve this is by paralleling wires, i.e., connecting the runs at both ends so they are physically like two wires but electrically one. In the event of a breakdown, that phone must automatically call a location staffed 24 hours a day. Additional requirements concern escape routes. For example, wiring that is under exclusive utility control and has to do with the generation and distribution of electrical power is not NEC regulated. Because they need to move and flex, traveling cables are not required to be in a raceway. We resume with a look at wiring methods, overcurrent protection, grounding and other NEC provisions as they relate to these installations. NEC 620.62 requires the elevator disconnecting means (fused switch or circuit breaker) to selectively coordinate with all supply-side overcurrent devices. Dan Neeser is a Senior Field Application Engineer with Eatons Bussmann Division. It is important for design engineers to communicate this with the architect and owner during the design phase, as it will impact space needs elsewhere in the facility to accommodate electrical equipment. %%EOF
Traditionally, the electrical system design engineer has given little attention to the elevator controller. Thus, the need for door interlock functionality is recognized. This device must be either a fused disconnect or a circuit breaker because ANSI/ASME A17.1 requires you to install an additional overcurrent protection device (OCPD) in the elevator equipment room. 2. z!0: - [Content_Types].xml ( n0EUb*>-RxV=QUAl"93dFk%Y?l}MGDV The disconnecting means is to be in the machine room or similar location, with provision for being locked in the open position. Each of these performs a different function, and the wiring mandates vary accordingly. Related Code Sections 802.1.8 Indirect/Special Waste, Elevator Pit Drain or Sump Pump Pits shall be maintained in a clean and dry condition. Many of these are for portable lighting.). Home Articles Elevator World April 2012 Issue NEC Article 620: Elevators, Part I. Society of Mechanical Engineers. However, this can vary depending on building conditions and exterior grade. If elevators are supplied by the emergency, legally required standby or critical operation power systems, then selective coordination is required per the 2017 NEC in 700.32, 701.27 or 708.54. This is important as the tradition of using only time-current curves for the analysis of overcurrent device operation is usually not sufficient since the time-current curves traditionally stop at 0.01 second (not time zero). In contrast to the lighting, these receptacles must be connected to GFCI devices. If the equipment must remain energized to perform work, effective insulation and safe electrical working practices should be observed. The light switch for the equipment room must be adjacent to the entrance door on the latch side. Elevators with driving machines located on the car or counterweight, or in the hoistway are permitted outside the specified spaces. By subscribing, you agree to our User Agreement and Privacy Policy & Cookie Statement. Flexible cords and cables, or conductors grouped together and taped or corded, are permitted to be installed without a raceway. hbbd```b``+3dL
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