activity 4 locating an earthquake epicenter answer keyactivity 4 locating an earthquake epicenter answer key

To complete the activity, some prior . 0000001533 00000 n Solved ACTIVITY 2B Locating an Earthquake Figure 5 shows - Chegg 0000002250 00000 n All the arcs should intersect at a common point - the epicenter. Take a few minutes to read the information on the left side of this page for the 2010 earthquake off the coast of central Chile. Direct students to finish the activity by completing the. 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Place a ruler (or straight edge) on the chart between the points you marked for the distance to the epicenter and the amplitude. hbb2b`b``a I @ endstream endobj 62 0 obj <>/Metadata 55 0 R/Pages 51 0 R/StructTreeRoot 57 0 R/Type/Catalog/ViewerPreferences<>>> endobj 63 0 obj <>/Font<>>>/Fields[]>> endobj 64 0 obj <>/Font<>/ProcSet[/PDF/Text]>>/Rotate 0/TrimBox[0.0 0.0 612.0 792.0]/Type/Page>> endobj 65 0 obj <> endobj 66 0 obj <> endobj 67 0 obj <> endobj 68 0 obj <>stream Download. Details. cCV&0Lw1~c\4QA!{q: N3\`Lccgb,x/if`WH3(\'q)Da'@ | endstream endobj 92 0 obj <>/Filter/FlateDecode/Index[57 4]/Length 20/Size 61/Type/XRef/W[1 1 1]>>stream 0000001862 00000 n located 1,000 miles from the Sixty-seven people lost their lives, and property damage was estimated at $6 billion. So the difference in the P- and S-wave arrival times determines the distance between the epicenter and a seismometer. E}g7$i(=K)"aj%v]vPcYloi@X3noGX{[XucOgkdF.>Ym^fwrQf;8_Nok3w\;?n_Hhc?>k\o[%DgwJ'3d.lTqDy_aJw! Mr Gneiss. approximate period of the surface waves in seconds? USGS Earthquake Hazards Program Through the online Earthquakes Living Lab, student pairs explore various types of seismic waves and the differences between shear waves and compressional waves. Millions of people witnessed the motion of the earthquake on television. The USGS Earthquake Hazards Program is part of the National Earthquake Hazards Reduction Program (NEHRP), established by Congress in 1977, and the USGS Advanced National Seismic System (ANSS) was established by Congress as a NEHRP facility. Students learn about factors that engineers take into consideration when designing buildings for earthquake-prone regions. In this investigation, participants will understand that S and P waves are used to find the epicenter of an earthquake by using seismograph data to triangulate an epicenter. So next, students compute the magnitude of this same earthquake by looking at the three simplified seismograms again, but this time selecting each's maximum S wave amplitude (height). 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P wave. Lab Lesson 4 - Lab Lesson 4: Earthquakes and Seismology, Once three seismographs have been located, find the time interval between the arrival of the P-wave and the arrival of the S-wave. Objective Use data from seismograms to locate the epicenters of earthquakes. PDF Page - 1 Lab 08 - Seismology - Locating the Epicenter of an Earthquake Swaves arrive at the seismic station after the Pwaves. For lower grades, just introduce the concepts of triangulation and the magnitude scale; a thorough understanding of P and S waves is not vital. Great-circle arcs are drawn on the globe using the distance of the earthquake to the station as a radius. 0000106240 00000 n waves from a distant earthquake. Earthquakes can also cause tsunamis, which are very large waves that can damage coastlines and put coastal residents in danger. 0000115324 00000 n Epicenter Location on Earth's surface directly above the focus of the earthquake 5. HtA1D41`s(GME$Ke*YdEOYf2-:r. Copyright 2023. I also will take them through the general process of how find the difference in arrival times of p- and s-waves can be used to find a distance to an earthquake and how using data from 3 seismograph stations is used to locate the epicenter. PDF EARTHQUAKE EPICENTER LOCATION EXERCISE - Idaho geology by. Locating an Earthquake's Epicenter - American Geosciences Institute The earthquake occurred somewhere along that circle. P and Swaves are body waves and travelthrough the interior of the earth. Seismograms Figure 1 is a simplified example of a The lag time for any The American Geosciences Institute represents and serves the geoscience community by providing collaborative leadership and information to connect Earth, science, and people. 13. graph. triangulation: A method to determine exactly where an earthquake originates. Earthquake Location 2 Using the skills that you acquired in the picking P and S arrivals, you can now locate an earthquake using real seismic records. The LibreTexts libraries arePowered by NICE CXone Expertand are supported by the Department of Education Open Textbook Pilot Project, the UC Davis Office of the Provost, the UC Davis Library, the California State University Affordable Learning Solutions Program, and Merlot. Describe what the "magnitude" of an earthquake is. time for any point that is 3,000 miles hb```f``Rl@ (l"`+uk?0.a~@6Vm;| G3f`75@v@Wz|A4#w9{(` ) Locating the Epicenter of an Earthquake - SE Asia a foldable activity, slide presentation to guide reading, and an answer key! 0000033429 00000 n The point of origin of an earthquake is called its focus and the point on the Earth's surface directly above the focus is the epicenter. For example, the western United States has earthquakes more frequently and on a larger scale than the eastern part of the country. Video Guide / Worksheets and Quizzes for Quizzes and Answer Sheet __ 2. Question 5 of 22 4.55/ 4.55 Points Questions 5 through 11 are based on Lab Exercise #2: Locating the Epicenter of an Earthquake. 0000001396 00000 n Using the real-world data in the living lab enables students and teachers to practice analyzing data to solve problems and answer questions, in much the same way that scientists and engineers do every day. 5 4. Tips: Make sure students are reading the S waves and not the P waves. 4. Use the process of triangulation to locate an earthquake's epicenter. (Grades 9 - 12). Use mathematical representations of phenomena or design solutions to describe and/or support claims and/or explanations. miles from the epicenter of an 0000000956 00000 n Tracings made at three separate seismic stations are needed to locate an earthquake epicenter. distance = travel time for S waves They use three seismographs in a process called triangulation to determine earthquake epicenters. The, amount of time that passes between the Pwave arrival and the Swave arrival is. The seismometers are shown as green dots. trailer <<0444DE89825047A1A483C62E98F50868>]>> startxref 0 %%EOF 114 0 obj <>stream As the drum rotated, the Multiply the difference by 8.4 to estimate the distance, in kilometers, from the seismograph station to the epicenter. to the lag time measured at this location? inch = 500 km. Before looking at the Earthquakes Living Lab, have pairs complete the, Then guide the teams to the Earthquakes Living Lab via the living lab website at. 9 - Make an overhead copy of each of the handouts. 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Introduction: Before student pairs look at the Earthquakes Living Lab, direct them to complete the Engage section of the Finding Epicenters and Measuring Magnitudes Worksheet, which asks them to apply any prior knowledge and/or speculate as to what the Richter magnitude scale is and what an epicenter is. Finding the Epicenter Determine the epicenter distance from three different seismographs. 0000001893 00000 n The longer the time between the arrival of the P-wave and S-wave, the farther away is the epicenter. to the lag time measured at this location? The uses of technologies and any limitations on their use are driven by individual or societal needs, desires, and values; by the findings of scientific research; and by differences in such factors as climate, natural resources, and economic conditions. 0000004060 00000 n PDF EARTHQUAKES: Epicenter Determination, Seismic Waves, and Hazards - WOU What is an earthquake? The three seismograms in this activity are unfi ltered station records from a single event that occurred on August 1, 1999. 87 0 obj <> endobj xref 87 28 0000000016 00000 n Accessed December 11, 2013. http://www.sciencecourseware.com/virtualearthquake/, USGS Earthquake Magnitude Policy (implemented on January 18, 2002). 0000001675 00000 n 9 - Seismic stations detect earthquakes by the tracings made on seismographs. 100 km 4.1 km/s 24.4 s; Finding the epicenter (continued) data table analyze and conclude answer the following questions on a separate sheet of paper. You learned that seismologists determine the distance to the earthquake epicenter using the difference between S and P wave arrival times. xb``d``Id`a`Ab@_ :iWGi>|q` : an American History (Eric Foner), Principles of Environmental Science (William P. Cunningham; Mary Ann Cunningham), Forecasting, Time Series, and Regression (Richard T. O'Connell; Anne B. Koehler), Chemistry: The Central Science (Theodore E. Brown; H. Eugene H LeMay; Bruce E. Bursten; Catherine Murphy; Patrick Woodward), Biological Science (Freeman Scott; Quillin Kim; Allison Lizabeth), Campbell Biology (Jane B. Reece; Lisa A. Urry; Michael L. Cain; Steven A. Wasserman; Peter V. Minorsky), How many minutes elapsed between the arrival of the first P wave and. 1. 92 0 obj <>/Filter/FlateDecode/ID[]/Index[83 25]/Info 82 0 R/Length 62/Prev 466624/Root 84 0 R/Size 108/Type/XRef/W[1 2 1]>>stream Accessed December 11, 2013. http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Moment_magnitude_scale, Novak, Gary. An earthquake is what happens when two blocks of the earth suddenly slip past one directly above it on the surface of the earth is called the epicenter. Have students turn in their answers for the Explain portion of the worksheet. Civil engineers, who design houses, apartment buildings, schools, skyscrapers, bridges, highways, tunnels, water treatment facilities, factories and other structures, may use this data to help them create safer structures that are less likely to sustain damage during earthquakes. Considered best for measuring small earthquakes (3.5 M or less). As you may know, people have look numerous times for . (Source: USGS, Wikipedia). I contacted the persons listed below to find out the location of the following people entitled to notice Name of Person Measure the difference in arrival times between the first shear (s) wave and the first compressional (p) wave, which can be interpreted from the seismogram. 11 minutes elapsed between the first P wave and the last measurable surface wave. Draw your signature, type it, upload its image, or use your mobile device as a signature pad. 1) Identify the general term for waves released from an earthquake. Specifically, seismographs make recordings (seismograms) of the seismic waves generated from earthquakes, providing engineers and other researchers with data that they use to make predictions about future earthquakes. The Richter scale was created in the 1930s to assign a single number to quantify the energy released during earthquakes. Activity 4: Locating an Earthquake Epicenter Examining Seismograms The three basic types of seismic wave generated by an earthquake at its focus are Pwaves, Swaves, and Surface waves. Take a few minutes to read the information on the left side of this page for the 2010 earthquake off the coast of central Chile. It is slower than the same earthquake's P wave and cannot travel through liquids. [N'. Answer Key: Lab 5 Earthquakes - Find People EARTHQUAKES: Epicenter Determination and Seismic Waves . 3. epicenter - the point on Earth's surface directly above the focus, or origin, of an earthquake. Why might the triangulation method not always produce an exact point (other than your measurement errors)? HS]o01j6R0iMm4U=wL8]BE< Civilization and its Discontents (Sigmund Freud), Educational Research: Competencies for Analysis and Applications (Gay L. R.; Mills Geoffrey E.; Airasian Peter W.), Brunner and Suddarth's Textbook of Medical-Surgical Nursing (Janice L. Hinkle; Kerry H. Cheever), Psychology (David G. Myers; C. Nathan DeWall), The Methodology of the Social Sciences (Max Weber), Business Law: Text and Cases (Kenneth W. Clarkson; Roger LeRoy Miller; Frank B. Engineers first determine where earthquakes are likely to occur, and how severe they are likely to be. What are those limits? The simulation renders three circles on a map and directs students to find the epicenter. Y$Kr;V6[;Dq vg~cx:A[^jCssupwD endstream endobj 80 0 obj <> endobj 81 0 obj <>stream Once three seismographs have been located, find the time interval between the arrival of the P-wave . First, determine the P-wave arrival, and read down to the bottom of the seismogram to note at what time (usually marked in seconds) that the P-wave arrived. In this activity, students use an online simulationVirtual Earthquakethat is accessible through the Earthquakes Living Lab interface, to locate the epicenter of an earthquake by making simple measurement on three seismograms, recordings of an earthquake's seismic waves detected by instruments (seismographs) far away from the earthquake. Travel-time graphDistance in Miles, Copyright 2023 StudeerSnel B.V., Keizersgracht 424, 1016 GC Amsterdam, KVK: 56829787, BTW: NL852321363B01, seismogram. question 1 of 3. Choose an answer and hit 'next'. 0000002383 00000 n [k0 |`2dGXGGGd00A(60P-e = F5n -f$ C H\0y The epicenter of an earthquake can be found using the difference between the arrival of the Primary and Secondary waves. 13 4 locating an earthquake epicenter geosciences libretexts . Mark the first arrival of the swave on each seismogram. 01. 0000000856 00000 n aqmd. When seismic data is collected from at least three different locations, it can be used to determine the epicenter by where it intersects. The magnitude is the logarithm of the amplitude of the ground wave. =Cv :~4yrXP 62{_,*Uq/O-oUNBr-$y~:G},#3e^CS6U*_zVGY7ZNUWk2f?? {%!,"{u5E&OOqA_"/uxn-kx+Vz*EQb)Q longer or shorter). lag time. This page titled 13.4: Locating an Earthquake Epicenter is shared under a CC BY-SA license and was authored, remixed, and/or curated by Deline, Harris & Tefend (GALILEO Open Learning Materials) . gov For online instructions and current fees click here. earthquake. Locating Earthquake Epicenter Worksheet Answer Key 3. Of the four Earthquakes Living Lab seismic areas, choose the "Chile" box, as shown in Figure 3. Epicenter. Even though the scale formulae are different, MMS retains the familiar continuum of magnitude values defined by the older scale. 0000003966 00000 n 9 - 0000007097 00000 n Explains how to find an earthquake epicenter using at least three seismograph stations. Lab Activity Locating Epicenters Teaching Resources | TPT Note the differences in X!.43p2t!}SLx-3z.KN4X+H\+vk? *The NGSS logo is a registered trademark of WestEd. We have answers to the most popular questions from our customers. Students learn about the types of seismic waves produced by earthquakes and how they move through the Earth. Locating An Earthquake Epicenter Lab Answers Thank you for reading Locating An Earthquake Epicenter Lab Answers . Figure 2. Students learn how engineers build shake tables that simulate the ground motions of the Earth caused by seismic waves in order to test the seismic performance of buildings. 0000008088 00000 n Collect any giveaways for the students, such as earthquake posters or plate tectonic fliers. The living lab presents earthquake information through a focus on four active seismic areas and historic earthquakes in those areas. (Figure 3):. Locating Earthquake Epicenters ( Read ) | Earth Science
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