are polish and ukrainian mutually intelligibleare polish and ukrainian mutually intelligible

Most Croatian linguists recognized Kajkavian as a separate language. Can I communicate in Polish in Ukraine? - Ukraine Forum Ukrainian, and Belarusian. Serbs until recently where still self titled Yugoslavs. Its specific czech and many foreiner has problem spelling it. But other results that included Czech and Bulgarian were very poor. I thought this is Croatia! Czech has 82% intelligibility of Slovak (varies from 70-95%), 12% of Polish and 5% of Russian and Bulgarian. That word have special meaning and I think that Serbian needs that word, but if I tell that word seriously while I speak, everybody will laugh at me. Ponaszymu appears to lack full intelligibility with Czech. Score: 4.1/5 (74 votes) . Those 12% in Polish are very dubious as well. I think the OP exagerated a bit. Slovenian: 20% The problem is that most linguists are not interested in scientific intelligibility testing of language pairs. Serbs can read both cyrillic and latin without any problem even if that two scripts are mixed in a word or sentence. An inherent pure inherent intelligibility test would involve a a speaker of Slavic lect A listening to a tape or video of a speaker of Slavic Lect A. Swarte will be awarded a PhD by the University of Groningen on 3 March. Far Northeastern Slovak (Saris Slovak) near the Polish border is close to Polish and Ukrainian. akavian differs from the other nearby Slavic lects spoken in the country due to the presence of many Italian words. On the other side, i.e. 0%? Or when I heard the word pobrzajte (hurry up (plural)) it was very interesting to me. German is partially mutually intelligible with Yiddish and Dutch. In other words, Ukrainian speakers can often understand Russian, while Russian speaker doesn't understand Ukrainian, especially Russian speakers from outside Ukraine. Bosnian and Montenegrin are also just dialects of Serbian language. Rusyn ~ Ukrainian . Because of all of this, tokavian speaker has a hard time understanding fast talking akavian speakers. However, in terms of vocabulary Ukrainian is closer to Polish, from which it has borrowed a large number of words. It uses shtokavian dialect but simultaniously italianized vocabulary,and it is very hard to be understood while speaking to a common Croatian speaker.Would that also be considered a separate language? In addition, political and social conventions often override considerations of mutual intelligibility in both scientific and non-scientific views. If you're a foreign student, studying russian, it's unlikely you'd be able to understand Ukrainian at all. However, she is from Skopje, close to the Serbian border and which have had much more influence from Serbian. [5][6] In a similar vein, some claim that mutual intelligibility is, ideally at least, the primary criterion separating languages from dialects.[7]. Speakers of the Torlak dialect (any Torlak dialect) understand Serbo-Croation, Macedonian and Bulgarian with no problem, and can comprehand Slovenian as much as 80-90% within a few weeks of exposure. Linguistic distance is the relative degree of difference between languages or dialects. the use of the accusative is nearly identical in Ni Torlak and Kumanovo Macedonian (cannot say the same for standard Macedonian as it has no accusative to begin with) and is, in general, more of an oblique case than anything else The Rusyn language is composed of 50% Slovak roots and 50% Ukrainian roots, so some difficult intelligibility with Ukrainian might be expected. Older people who rembember federation understand everything. Its predecessor stage is known in Western academia as Ruthenian (14th to 17th centuries), in turn descended from what is referred to in modern linguistics as Old East Slavic (10th to 13th centuries). Hello, can you tell me, how much Kajkavian can your average Chakavian speaker understand in percentage? Slovenian while it sounds slavic to me is not intelligible at all save for a few words here and there. It features phonemic vowel length that came about as a coalescence of a vowel with a following /v/ (usually one /v x j/ in Serbian, the distribution is opaque and unpredictable) or the contraction of the sequence /ij/ into /i:/ this feature is shared with plenty of Macedonian dialects, as far as I remember but has traditional, harder Serbian alveopalatals and palatals, having [t d t d] for Macedonian [t d c() ()] (treating these as allophones as they seem to be the same four phonemes). I also run a YouTube channel where I try to put the differences within the Croatias borders online since many whove seen them were surprised (or shocked). 0%. I have a newer version of the paper that I can give in which I changed some of the things you are complaining about. It has a very high degree of mutual intelligibility with Galician (spoken in Northwestern Spain), which is a language thats sort of a cross between Portuguese and Spanish. I also worked in a resteraunt with lots of west and south slavs there and I have to say that Serbian and crotian has a lot of ilarities with Slovak. I have to really focus and try hard to understand them but with patience I can get buy. The literary language itself is no longer written, but works written in it are still used in public for instance in dramas and church masses (Jembrigh 2014). It differs from the rest of Silesian in that it has undergone heavy Czech influence. Only problem is which is in Czech but not in slovak. I work with Russians (dro. These three languages have an 86% lexical similarity; that is, they share 86% of the same words. However, the Ser-Drama-Lagadin-Nevrokop dialect in northeastern Greece and southern Bulgaria and the Maleevo-Pirin dialect in eastern Macedonia and western Bulgaria are transitional between Bulgarian and Macedonian. Therefore I would go with 25%. People observing conversation between Cieszyn Silesian and Upper Silesian report that they have a hard time understanding each other. Pei Mario (1949). We speak them too. I also recognize a Macedonian who speaks Serbian by the vowel e, and their sound of () is much softer than Serbian one, something between Serbian and or even as same as . I think this is very difficult for Macedonians to distinguish this two consonants and pronounce them correctly. It was probably in the same ballpark as Polish for me. It is more like the other slavic languages (v instead of u, z instead of s, itd, less vowels, and no distinction between and ). Lach is not fully intelligible with Czech; indeed, the differences between Lach and Czech are greater than the differences between Silesian and Polish, despite the fact that Lach has been heavily leveling into Moravian Czech for the last 100 years. Intelligibility in the Slavic languages of the Balkans is much exaggerated. Im The Lizard King, I Can Do Anything! That barrier, however, is not too difficult to overcome. Slobozhan Ukrainian speakers in this region find it easier to understand their Russian neighbors than the Upper DnistrianUkrainian spoken in the far west in the countryside around Lviv. If you know Polish, you're likely to understand a little Russian, Ukrainian and other Slavic languages, but this doesn't mean that the languages are mutually intelligible. Polish Language Overview, Structure & Facts | What is Polski? You are probably talking about the study Mutual intelligibility between West and South Slavic languages? What language is closest to Polish? From a grammatical and morphological perspective, Ukrainian is closer to Russian: they both have East Slavic roots. Yet there is a dialect continuum between Slovenian and Kajkavian. There are numerous intelligibility tests out there that work very well, or you can just ask native speakers to give you a %, and most of the honest ones will tell you; in fact, they will often differentiate between oh that is our language, they speak the same language as us, for dialects and then no, that is not our language, that is different, and they do not speak our language for separate languages. Russia) in Canada, and they barely can understand standard Ukrainian. Russian, Polish, Czech, and Ukrainian materials are available. Give me a figure in % for the Rusyn if you would. A Moravian Czech speaker (Eastern Czech) and a Bratislavan Slovak (Western Slovak) speaker understand each other very well. 2. Email me and give me your name please and I will use you in the paper. Yet some say that the subtitles are simply put on as a political move due to Ukraines puristic language policy. It is true that Western Slovak dialects can understand Czech well, but Central Slovak, Eastern Slovak and Extraslovakian Slovak dialects cannot. Ikavian Chakavian has two branches Southwestern Istrian and Southern Chakavian. Most pairs have no figure for written intelligibility. Young Czechs and Slovaks talk to each other a lot via the Internet. So if you believe the fantastic conspiracy theory that 19 hijackers some have been discovered to be still alive were able to hijack 4 commercial planes for hours uninterrupted armed only with boxcutters and crash them into US largest and with the Pentagon most well guarded which has its own missile defence and radar system buildings on US? possession is indicated most frequently using dative pronouns, unlike Serbians tendency to use possessive pronouns in greater frequency It all adds up, man. Like a shits to o. And Shtokavian is dialect of Serbian language. This stuff is not all that controversial. Also akavian has some elements of its own. But still Slovene and Dalmatian akavian speaker can talk if they stick to old slavic part of their respective languages. How much of Ukrainian can these Russians in Canada understand? What if akavian person is from dalmatian coastal village which is now half tokavised and tokavian speaker is from Dalmatian city which still has some elements of akavian, ikavian yat and is full of romanisms? Spanish and Catalan have a lexical similarity of 85%. If, for example, one language is related to another but has simplified its grammar, the speakers of the original language may understand the simplified language, but less vice versa. I have had people give me personal estimates like 40%, 85%, 60-65%, 70%,10-15%, less than 1%, etc. Intelligibility data for Saris Slovak and Ukrainian is not known. Are Slovenian and Croatian mutually intelligible? - 2023 https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=58Aog4AJdQM. My father once read an article in polish and he said he understood almost everything, but when its spoken he said about 60%. Vitebsk State University. I am a native Macedonian and I totally dont agree with you. As a result, I, who spoke fluent Ukrainian when I moved from Ukraine 18 years ago, have problems following modern speech on TV. The long war over the Ukrainian language - The Boston Globe The two languages are not mutually intelligible, and there are significant differences in grammar, vocabulary, and pronunciation. I cant say that I would understand every word, but it is usually not difficult to guess some missing gaps from the context, so I could read professional books in Bulgarian in the past. While discussing mutual intelligibility, the author often calls upon bilingual learning; for example, Czech and Slovak are considered highly intelligible because of the strong cross-cultural overlap. Macedonian is a little easier, since its more a transitional dialect between Bulgarian and Serbian. Finally, I think the Ukrainians' mentality if more Polish, while the Russian mentality is more fourteenth century Mongol. So I understand Kajkavians and Slovenes except for a germanic package. The historical development is characterized by four main periods. Its often said that all Slavic languages are mutually intelligible with each other. Having lived in Moscow and being married to a Russian, I now speak Russian well enough to be mistaken for a Russian-speaking tourist from Poland or Lithuania when in Moscow. Other Western Slovak speakers (Bratislava) say that Eastern Slovak (Kosice) is hard to understand. The Croatians left Croatia and came to Italy from 1400-1500. It is not intelligible with Shtokavian, although this is controversial. Intelligibility between the two is estimated at 82%. It is time to stop believing to the politically motivated propaganda about our languages and start telling the truth. On this Wikipedia the language links are at the top of the page across from the article title. 1. Answer (1 of 4): Yes. President Musharraf of Pakistan says that the CIA has secretly paid his government millions of dollars for handing over hundreds of al-Qaeda suspects to America.. Are belarusian and russian mutually intelligible? Many Silesian speakers now speak a watered down version of Silesian which is more properly seen as a Polish dialect with some Silesian words. How do they arrive at these estimates? From the 1500s to 1900, a large corpus of Kajkavian literature was written. I dismiss some of the wilder conspiracy stuff out of hand. Thanks for the information about Eastern Slovak I will incorporate it. Portuguese has varying degrees of mutual intelligibility with Spanish, Galician, French and Italian. Lets say a young Czech goes to Slovakia without prior exposure to Slovak. Learning a language becomes fun and easy when you learn with movie trailers, music videos, news and inspiring talks. The Slavic branch of the Indo-European language family is known for its languages being relatively closely related. The claim for separate languages is based more on politics than on linguistic science. Most Macedonians already are able to speak Serbo-Croatian well. Mi povidamo Horvatski jazik means We speak croatian language in akavian. He said he is frequent visitor in Poland and therefore he speaks Polish. For me personally, Serbian is very interesting, because it sounds like Macedonian, but a bit different because of the declensions. https://www.academia.edu/4080349/Mutual_Intelligibility_of_Languages_in_the_Slavic_Family Background Information - Department of Slavic, East European - UCLA What Languages Are Mutually Intelligible With Serbian? A number of native speakers of various Slavic lects were interviewed about mutual intelligibility, language/dialect confusion, the state of their language, its history and so on. Also there have been some czecho-slovak shows in TV lately like Czecho-Slovak Idol or Talent with judges and competitors from both countries and I have never heard of anyone who would complain about not understanding. I have no problems understanding the Torlakian dialect. Clearly it WAS the Illuminati at workI guess the planes were flown by shapeshifting lizards, toooh, come to think of it, isnt George Bush Junior a lizard, too! As a non-Ukrainian (as well as non-Polish) native speaker, I can understand Ukrainian through Polish more easily than Russian, even though I actually studied Russian formally, but never Ukrainian-:) . There is one factor they dont know about the internet. Also cyrillic in Macedonian is almost as same as Serbian, but many Croats dont know or dont want to know cyrillic, and that makes Macedonian more different to them than to Serbs. Polish Dialects In a Nutshell: Everything About the Main Polish Accents The President outlines the role played by a former London public schoolboy, Omar Sheikh, in the kidnap and murder of Daniel Pearl, the Wall Street Journal reporter, in February 2002. Its vocabulary has lots of common words with all of Russian, Ukrainian, and Polish, so it's sort of mutually intelligible with all of them. Reading a Bulgarian text is not like reading an ordinary book in Czech, it would cost my brain much more kilojoules (but maybe mainly due to the monotonous Cyrilic script), but it is possible. I kind of like it though . Russian only has 60% intelligibility of Balachka. If we follow this line of reasoning, it would be correct to conclude that English is highly intelligible to Serbian speakers because most Serbs speak English. For majority of the Shtokavian speakers thats just another language: different grammar, vocabulary, pronunciations, even sounds (Kai has at least 9 vowels while Shto Croatian only 5 for example). It is not true that Shtokavian which I speak is not mutually intelligible with Torlakian of southern Serbia. Basically, you only hear a series of consonants with hardly recognizable vowels. Languages can also be mutually intelligible only in spoken forms such as Polish and Ukrainian or only in written forms such as Icelandic and Faroese. Post 1991, g has returned. Ukrainian 15 % spoken, 25 % written Together with the basic norm used in Bulgaria, there also exists a Macedonian norm, which (sao=also?) At least not in general if so, it might depend on the school. According to former Pakistani President Musharraf Omar Sheikh who wired $100,000 to Mohammed Atta was recruited during the 90s by British intelligence. Personal communication. One way to look at Macedonian is that it is a Serbo-Croatian-Bulgarian transitional lect. I can understand quite a bit of basic polish when it is spoken on the street, but their pronunciation is so weird its hard to notice sometimes. Theres a good reason for this: mutual intelligibility. Bulgarian and Macedonian can understand each other to a great degree (65-80%) but not completely. Test only Serbs who know almost no English (they exist in older generation). Some Poles say they find Silesian harder to understand than Belorussian or Slovak, which implies intelligibility of 20-25%. Spanish is also partially mutually intelligible with Italian, Sardinian and French, with respective lexical similarities of 82%, 76% and 75%. If you think this website is valuable to you, please consider a contribution to support the continuation of the site. If you choose to study a language thats mutually intelligible with one you already know, chances are youll have to put a lot less work in than if you were learning a language from scratch. 5. A Slovak from Bratislava can and does understand eastern Slovak dialects, he might have to tune his ear a bit, but I know because Ive talked to many members of my family about this and other Slovaks and they all say it sounds really stupid and a few words are different but they definantly understand. This term is similar to linguistic distance in that it can reflect how similar or different languages are. Mi priamo Hrvatski jezik in neotokavian. From some reason, the Hutsul, Lemko, andBoiko dialects of the Rusyn language are much more comprehensible to Russians than Standard Ukrainian is. I speak Slovenian and Croats think that I can speak Kaikavian. demonstratives (tk~ovd vs. tuka~ovde, tamo vs. tamu) and some elementary adverbs (sg vs. sega now; jutre vs. utre tomorrow; dns(ke) ~ deneska today, fera vs. vera yesterday) are fairly similar; Ni Torlak uses multiple sets of demonstratives as its 3rd person pronouns (toj/ta/to/ti/te/ta, onj/on/on/on/on/on, ovj/ov/ov/ov/ov/ov, in descending order of frequency) as opposed to Serbians almost exclusive use of on/ona/ono/oni/one/ona and standard Macedonians use of toj/taa/toa/tie The revelation comes from General Musharrafs memoir, In the Line of Fire, which begins serialisation in The Times today and will further embarrass the White House at a time when relations between the US and Pakistan are already strained.. Pakistani intelligence chiefs are concerned that General Musharraf may jeopardise their relationship with British intelligence agencies after claiming that a convicted terrorist was once an MI6 informer. This understanding can be in spoken or written communication. Their mutual intelligibility varies greatly, between the dialects themselves, with Shtokavian, and with other languages. Maybe it is true for two persons from the opposite end of the dialect continium (Hrvatsko Zagorje and Strumica), that have never been out of their villages and try to communicate on their respective native dialects. It was for me a bit strange, because Bulgarian science still supports the thesis that Macedonian is Bulgarian. Russian has 85% intelligibility of Rusyn, 74% of oral Belorussian and 85% of written Belorussian, 60% of Balachka, 50% of oral Ukrainian and 85% of written Ukrainian, 36% of oral Bulgarian and 80% of written Bulgarian, 38% of Polish, 30% of Slovak and oral Montenegrin and 50% of written Montenegrin, 12% of oral Serbo-Croatian, 25% of written Serbo-Croatian, and 10% of Czech. A question: how is it decided that the cut-off between a language and dialect is 90% MI? During the last 20 years, Ukraine has tried to make the language norm as far from Russian as possible for nationalistic reasons. Borg, Albert J.; Azzopardi-Alexander, Marie (1997). How this is measured varies, but mutual intelligibility and vocabulary overlap, and often play a role in these calculations. It is rather controversial outside Linguistics, as you run into nationalists and other fools who emotionally distort things. 1993. The reason that these languages seem to be mutually intelligible is because almost all Ukrainians are bilingual anyway, and capable of switching between the two at will. I can understand about 50% 75% of Bulgarian and Macedonian enough to get buy and carry on a conversation. From his own words it is possible to conclude that mutual inteligibility between czech and slovak is very high, and Ive heard from young czechs that they still can understand slovak with no effort. These recommendations are based on research into the mutual intelligibility of Germanic languages, conducted by Femke Swarte. For instance, he and she in Standard Macedonia is toj and taa respectively, very close to Bulgarian toy and tya. 70%? Click here to get a copy. Grammar is almost identical. Polish ~ Kashubian . And yes, comprehension has suffered since Czechoslovakia broke up, due to lack of exposure. Czech-Slovak is now 91%, Czech-Serbo-Croatian is 18%, Czech-Macedonian is 17% and Czech=-Bulgarian is 13%. A different dialect is spoken in each town. For example, the varieties of Chinese are often considered a single language even though there is usually no mutual intelligibility between geographically separated varieties. What Are Mutually Intelligible Languages? The Answer, and - FluentU This is not the case, as all figures were derived from estimates by native speakers themselves, often a number of estimates averaged together. A primary challenge to these positions is that speakers of closely related languages can often communicate with each other effectively if they choose to do so. The main Shtokavian dialects of Croatian, Serbian, Montenegrin and Bosnian are mutually intelligible. Good post, OP. Even the basic words are almost the same. let me guess, British bankers/Zionists/Rosthchild family/British oil companies/British special forces/Mossad was behind it? Much like Nordic languages. For instance, akavian Croatian is not intelligible with Standard Croatian.
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